{"id":74,"date":"2023-11-17T15:54:59","date_gmt":"2023-11-17T15:54:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/?page_id=74-old"},"modified":"2026-07-01T02:08:37","modified_gmt":"2026-07-01T02:08:37","slug":"vol-1-2018-before-import","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/en\/vol-1-2018-before-import\/","title":{"rendered":"Vol. 1 (2018)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We are pleased to present the inaugural volume of &#8220;Estudios Libertarios&#8221;, which pays well-deserved tribute to Professor Walter E. Block, one of the most popular and brilliant theorists of both libertarianism and the Austrian School of Economics. We want to thank him for the support he has given us and we warn that responsibility for any errors or omissions is entirely ours.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-46c238e0501c5d0ce5e205bb1ac00653 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#000000\"><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"571\" height=\"805\" src=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Portada.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-99\" style=\"object-fit:cover;width:200px;height:300px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Portada.jpg 571w, https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Portada-213x300.jpg 213w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 571px) 100vw, 571px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-colibri-color-6-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-41bf465d1751bfebd2608c8ad597c33a wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Complete volume<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-4303cf72-ce07-43cf-a32b-085672abf32c\" href=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Volumen-completo.pdf\"><strong>ESTUDIOS LIBERTARIOS VOL 1 (2018)<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"954\" height=\"25\" src=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/BLANCO.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-470\" style=\"width:763px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/BLANCO.png 954w, https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/BLANCO-300x8.png 300w, https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/BLANCO-768x20.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 954px) 100vw, 954px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-colibri-color-6-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-6c61d89b2bf40a8752b734aca02abcca wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Art\u00edcles<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-center\" style=\"grid-template-columns:43% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><a href=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/2026\/06\/29\/aaaaa\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\" noreferrer noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/walter-block.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1239 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/walter-block.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/walter-block-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/walter-block-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/walter-block-930x620.jpg 930w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/2026\/06\/29\/aaaaa\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1223\">\u00bfPor qu\u00e9 Walter Block? Unas palabras en su honor<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">David Ch\u00e1vez Salazar<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">A review of the life and work of Walter Block. In general terms, we can deduce that the core of his thinking is that greater individual and market freedom offers better solutions to social and economic problems.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\" style=\"grid-template-columns:43% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><a href=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/2026\/06\/30\/negative-rights\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-1024x683.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1254 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-930x620.png 930w, https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image.png 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/2026\/06\/30\/negative-rights\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1250\">Negative Rights<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Walter E. Block<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Libertarianism recognizes only negative rights (the right not to be assaulted or coerced) and rejects positive rights, as these imply compelling others to provide goods or services. All relationships must be entirely voluntary and based on freedom of association.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\" style=\"grid-template-columns:43% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><a href=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/2026\/06\/30\/la-dona-libertaria-un-debate-sobre-libertad-y-propiedad\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1261 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-1.png 700w, https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-1-300x171.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/2026\/06\/30\/la-dona-libertaria-un-debate-sobre-libertad-y-propiedad\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1259\">La dona libertaria: Un debate sobre libertad y propiedad<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">John Alejandro Bermeo<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">A debate has arisen regarding whether property rights can limit freedom of movement in extreme cases. From a libertarian perspective, private property prevails and should not be restricted to create a supposed right of way.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\" style=\"grid-template-columns:43% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><a href=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/2026\/06\/30\/soy-racista-si-me-rio-de-un-meme-racista\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"850\" height=\"519\" src=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-3.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1271 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-3.png 850w, https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-3-300x183.png 300w, https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-3-768x469.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/2026\/06\/30\/soy-racista-si-me-rio-de-un-meme-racista\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1270\">\u00bfSoy racista si me r\u00edo de un meme racista?<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Guillermo Estupi\u00f1\u00e1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Dark humor works because it subverts expectations by exploiting known prejudices, not because those who create or enjoy it share those beliefs. Humor should not be censored, as doing so restricts freedom of expression.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\" style=\"grid-template-columns:43% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><a href=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/2026\/06\/30\/una-comparativa-entre-el-kantismo-el-utilitarismo-y-el-objetivismo-sobre-la-honestidad\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"264\" height=\"191\" src=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-6.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1287 size-full\"\/><\/a><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/2026\/06\/30\/una-comparativa-entre-el-kantismo-el-utilitarismo-y-el-objetivismo-sobre-la-honestidad\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1284\">Una comparativa entre el kantismo, el utilitarismo y el objetivismo sobre la honestidad<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Miguel Rold\u00e1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">An analysis of honesty through a comparison of Kantianism, utilitarianism, and objectivism, emphasizing the differences that exist between the three schools of thought.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\" style=\"grid-template-columns:43% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><a href=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/2026\/06\/30\/el-derecho-a-no-pagar-impuestos\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-8.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1304 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-8.png 750w, https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-8-300x169.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/2026\/06\/30\/el-derecho-a-no-pagar-impuestos\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1299\">El derecho a no pagar impuestos<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Jos\u00e9 Manuel Carballido C.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">From a libertarian perspective, tax evasion is ethically and economically justifiable, considering taxation a form of coercion that reduces freedom, distorts the market, and favors state intervention.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\" style=\"grid-template-columns:43% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><a href=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/2026\/06\/30\/el-derecho-a-que-el-mercado-determine-los-salarios\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"292\" height=\"172\" src=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-9.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1317 size-full\"\/><\/a><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/2026\/06\/30\/el-derecho-a-que-el-mercado-determine-los-salarios\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1313\">El derecho a que el mercado determine los salarios<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Jorge Corrales Quesada<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Imposing a minimum wage above the market level generates unforeseen consequences, such as unemployment, informality, labor discrimination, and distortions in the information conveyed by prices.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\" style=\"grid-template-columns:43% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><a href=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/2026\/06\/30\/en-defensa-de-la-no-contribucion-a-la-caridad\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"259\" height=\"194\" src=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-10.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1331 size-full\"\/><\/a><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/2026\/06\/30\/en-defensa-de-la-no-contribucion-a-la-caridad\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1325\">En defensa de la no contribuci\u00f3n a la caridad<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">David Ch\u00e1vez Salazar<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Charity, although voluntary, is ethically harmful because it fosters dependency, discourages self-sufficiency, and is based on altruism, which is considered incompatible with natural rights and the Non-Aggression Principle.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\" style=\"grid-template-columns:43% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><a href=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/2026\/06\/30\/giffen-goods-and-backward-bending-supply-curves-of-labor\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"547\" height=\"365\" src=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-11.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1342 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-11.png 547w, https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-11-300x200.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 547px) 100vw, 547px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/2026\/06\/30\/giffen-goods-and-backward-bending-supply-curves-of-labor\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"1339\">Giffen Goods and Backward Bending Supply Curves of Labor<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Walter Block &amp; Gabriel Philbois<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">A critique of the backward-sloping labor supply curve and the Giffen good, for considering them theoretically inconsistent.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-07a0da375032f689f78eee728054264c wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#000000\"><strong>Back cover<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-ce18d19a-b960-4787-977f-8ce0f08f5edb\" href=\"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Contraportada.pdf\"><strong>Contraportada<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>We are pleased to present the inaugural volume of &#8220;Estudios Libertarios&#8221;, which pays well-deserved tribute to Professor Walter E. Block, one of the most popular and brilliant theorists of both libertarianism and the Austrian School of Economics. We want to thank him for the support he has given us and we warn that responsibility for&hellip;&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-74","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.2","language":"en","enabled_languages":["es","en"],"languages":{"es":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"en":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/74","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=74"}],"version-history":[{"count":45,"href":"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/74\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1516,"href":"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/74\/revisions\/1516"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/estudioslibertarios.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=74"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}